Evidence-based medicine (EBM) helps doctors incorporate the best available scientific evidence into their individual patient care decisions. Today’s doctors face a serious challenge trying to keep up with the vast amounts of new information on the latest...
In transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) a special device transmits low-level electrical charges into the area of the body that is in pain. A TENS system consists of a small, battery-powered machine connected by wires to a pair of electrodes. The two...
After orthopaedic surgery, your doctors and nurses will make every effort to control your pain. While you should expect to feel some discomfort, advancements in pain control now make it easier for your doctor to manage and relieve pain. Surgeons and their patients are...
Though it is a common cause of back pain in the adult population, disc injury is relatively uncommon in the young athletic population. Back pain from a disc injury may or may not be associated with sciatica (pain that shoots down the leg). A careful history and...
Before the athlete can return to regular athletic competition, several goals must be met. First, the athlete must be completely free of pain and weakness and must regain full range of motion of the neck. Second, the diagnostic tests such as the EMG and/or MRI should...
